just somewhat of a reality check...

ontario & quebec have the largest number of black canadians, and the number is around 4.5% in either province (a little less in quebec). most provinces in canada are about 2-3% black. it's a little less than 4%, countrywide. this is a recent change, as well - it wasn't very long ago, like the early 00s, that the number of blacks in canada was < 1%.

after a round of racism earlier in the century that drove people back south (look up robert borden), there were almost no black people in this country between 1945 and 1970.

the indigenous population, on the other hand, is larger out west and in the 2-3% range in quebec. it's less than 5% countrywide, but is growing quite quickly in the west. of course, they were here first, but they also got badly decimated, and, as recently as a generation ago, 5% would have seemed unattainable.

so, in both cases these numbers are trending starkly upward. 20 years ago, <1% would have actually been proportional representation.

but, things are changing.

1700*.03 = 51
1700*.005 = 9

1700*.05 = 85
1700*.006 = 10

so, can they get those numbers up? i think they can, yeah.

but the answer to the disconnect is that those lower numbers were accurate until the turn of the last century. so, maybe the difference is a little less than you were thinking, and maybe the idea that we're long overdue for state intervention is in truth rather ahistorical.

https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/mcgill-professor-says-systemic-racism-exists-at-university/wcm/c4ffd192-2b05-42d4-8997-0e8aebdf10c3/